This guidance currently aligns with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 and is being updated to reflect WCAG 2.2.
Organisations subject to the Web Accessibility Directive or the European Accessibility Act should refer to WCAG 2.2 (W3C.org), as compliance will be required when the revised EN 301 549 standard (PDF) is published in the Official Journal of the European Union in December 2026.
In this section
- Structure your content to help users scan for key information
- Use clear and simple language
- Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
- Aim for maximum consistency
- Style to maximise readability
- Keep tables and data representation simple
- Provide meaningful links
- Provide simple form instructions and feedback
References for this section
WCAG 2.1
- 1.1.1 Non-text Content (A)
- 1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Pre-recorded) (A)
- 1.2.2 Captions (Pre-recorded) (A)
- 1.2.3 Audio Descriptions or Media Alternative (Pre-recorded) (A)
- 1.2.4 Captions (Live) (A)
- 1.2.5 Audio Description (Pre-recorded) (AA)
- 1.2.6 Sign Language (Pre-recorded) (AAA)
- 1.3.1 Info and Relationships (A)
- 1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics (A)
- 1.4.1 Use of Colour (A)
- 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum) (AA)
- 1.4.5 Images of Text (AA)
- 2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context) (A)
- 2.4.6 Headings and Labels (AA)
- 2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link Only) (AAA)
- 3.1.4 Abbreviations (AAA)
- 3.1.5 Reading Level (AAA)
- 3.2.3 Consistent Navigation (AA)
- 3.2.4 Consistent Identification (AA)
- 3.3.1 Error Identification (A)
- 3.3.2 Labels or Instructions (A)
- 3.3.3 Error Suggestion (AA)
EN 301 549 v 2.1.2
- 9.1.1.1 Non-text Content
- 9.1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Pre-recorded)
- 9.1.2.2 Captions (Pre-recorded)
- 9.1.2.3 Audio Descriptions or Media Alternative (Pre-recorded)
- 9.1.2.4 Captions (Live)
- 9.1.2.5 Audio Description (Pre-recorded)
- 9.1.3.1 Info and Relationships
- 9.1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics
- 9.1.4.1 Use of Colour
- 9.1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)
- 9.1.4.5 Images of Text
- 9.2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context)
- 9.2.4.6 Headings and Labels
- 9.3.2.3 Consistent Navigation
- 9.3.2.4 Consistent Identification
- 9.3.3.1 Error Identification
- 9.3.3.2 Labels or Instructions
- 9.3.3.3 Error Suggestion
Videos
- W3C Perspectives – Contrast
- W3C Perspectives – Clear Layout and Design
- Why headings and landmarks are so important - A11ycasts #18
Further reading
- WebAIM’s alternative text page
- WebAIM’s complex image tutorial
- WAI guidance on images
- WAI Alt text Decision Tree
- Text descriptions and emotion rich images
- Writing great alt text: Emotion matters
- 3 questions to Help Decide If an Image Doesn't Need Alt Text
- WAI Decorative Images
- Deafness and the User Experience
- Accessibility according to actual people with disabilities
- Register of Irish Sign Language Interpreters
- Guidelines for Working with Interpreters, June 2021 (PDF)
- A guide to using subtitles, captions and transcripts for accessibility
- WAI guidance on Captions/Subtitles
- Google – Add subtitles and captions
- Why Consistency is Important to Accessible Design
- Readability (Yale University)
- Meaningful links (Princeton University)
- Links (Yale University)
- Making Accessible Links: 15 Golden Rules For Developers
- The Trouble with Tables: A Brief Introduction