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• About Universal Design
  • Definition and Overview of Universal Design (UD)
  • History of Universal Design
  • Benefits and Drivers
  • Policy and Legislation
    • Policy and legislation in Ireland
    • European policy and legislation
  • Policy and legislation in Ireland
  • European policy and legislation
  • Standards
  • Universal Design of Products and Services
    • Webinar - A Universal Design for All Approach: Methods for a Culture of Co-Design
    • Universal Design and ICT Procurement at ALONE
    • Standard I.S. EN 17161:2019 – Design for All
  • Webinar - A Universal Design for All Approach: Methods for a Culture of Co-Design
  • Universal Design and ICT Procurement at ALONE
  • Standard I.S. EN 17161:2019 – Design for All
  • Universal Design Approach
    • Guidelines on Body Size
    • Technical Guidelines for In Home Displays
    • Universal Design Guidance and the ICF
    • Customer Engagement in Tourism
    • Customer Communications in Energy Services
  • Guidelines on Body Size
  • Technical Guidelines for In Home Displays
  • Universal Design Guidance and the ICF
  • Customer Engagement in Tourism
  • Customer Communications in Energy Services
  • Awards
    • Spider Awards
    • RIAI Universal Design Award
    • Homes for Smart Ageing Universal Design Challenge
    • Institute of Designers in Ireland (IDI) Design Awards
    • Institute of Designers in Ireland (IDI) Design Graduate Awards
  • Spider Awards
  • RIAI Universal Design Award
  • Homes for Smart Ageing Universal Design Challenge
  • Institute of Designers in Ireland (IDI) Design Awards
  • Institute of Designers in Ireland (IDI) Design Graduate Awards
  • The 7 Principles
• News & Events
• Built Environment
  • Building for Everyone
    • Building for Everyone: A Universal Design Approach
  • Building for Everyone: A Universal Design Approach
  • Housing
  • Early Learning and Care Settings
  • Residential Long Term Care Settings for Older People
  • Walkability Auditing
    • Universal Design Walkability Audit Tool
    • Universal Design Walkability Audit Report, Kilrush, Co. Clare
    • How Walkable is Your Town?
    • Walkability Audit Summary Report
  • Universal Design Walkability Audit Tool
  • Universal Design Walkability Audit Report, Kilrush, Co. Clare
  • How Walkable is Your Town?
  • Walkability Audit Summary Report
  • Shared Space
  • Shared Educational Campuses
  • Universal Design Guidelines for Changing Places Toilets
    • Universal Design Guidelines for Changing Places Toilets - Browsable
      • Foreword
      • 1. Acknowledgements
      • 2. Statement on Language
      • 3. Introduction and Context
      • 3.1 Objectives
    • Foreword
    • 1. Acknowledgements
    • 2. Statement on Language
    • 3. Introduction and Context
      • 3.1 Objectives
      • 3.2 What is a Changing Places Toilet?
      • 3.3 Who uses Changing Places Toilets?
      • 3.4 Estimated Number of Users of Changing Places Toilets
      • 3.5 Benefits from Providing Changing Places Toilets
  • Universal Design Guidelines for Changing Places Toilets - Browsable
    • Foreword
    • 1. Acknowledgements
    • 2. Statement on Language
    • 3. Introduction and Context
      • 3.1 Objectives
      • 3.2 What is a Changing Places Toilet?
      • 3.3 Who uses Changing Places Toilets?
      • 3.4 Estimated Number of Users of Changing Places Toilets
      • 3.5 Benefits from Providing Changing Places Toilets
    • 3.1 Objectives
  • Foreword
  • 1. Acknowledgements
  • 2. Statement on Language
  • 3. Introduction and Context
    • 3.1 Objectives
    • 3.2 What is a Changing Places Toilet?
    • 3.3 Who uses Changing Places Toilets?
    • 3.4 Estimated Number of Users of Changing Places Toilets
    • 3.5 Benefits from Providing Changing Places Toilets
  • 3.1 Objectives
  • 3.2 What is a Changing Places Toilet?
  • 3.3 Who uses Changing Places Toilets?
  • 3.4 Estimated Number of Users of Changing Places Toilets
  • 3.5 Benefits from Providing Changing Places Toilets
  • 3.6 The difference between Changing Places Toilets and wheelchair accessible unisex WCs
  • 3.7 National Building Regulations Requirements
  • 3.8 Universal Design
    • What is Universal Design?
    • User Involvement in the Design Process
  • What is Universal Design?
  • User Involvement in the Design Process
  • 3.9 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
    • UNCRPD and Universal Design
    • UNCRPD and the Participation of Disabled People in Decision Making
  • UNCRPD and Universal Design
  • UNCRPD and the Participation of Disabled People in Decision Making
  • 4 Key Considerations Overview
    • 4.1 Provision
    • 4.2 Location
    • 4.3 Design and Installation
    • 4.4 Management and Maintenance
  • 4.1 Provision
  • 4.2 Location
  • 4.3 Design and Installation
  • 4.4 Management and Maintenance
  • 5. Provision
    • 5.1 Changing Places Toilets - Extending the Range of Users
    • 5.2 Minimum Requirements for the provision of a Changing Places Toilet
      • Technical Guidance Document M 2022
      • Minimum Requirements for Mixed-Use Buildings
      • Minimum Requirements for Outdoor Amenities used for Assembly and Recreation
    • Technical Guidance Document M 2022
    • Minimum Requirements for Mixed-Use Buildings
    • Minimum Requirements for Outdoor Amenities used for Assembly and Recreation
  • 5.1 Changing Places Toilets - Extending the Range of Users
  • 5.2 Minimum Requirements for the provision of a Changing Places Toilet
    • Technical Guidance Document M 2022
    • Minimum Requirements for Mixed-Use Buildings
    • Minimum Requirements for Outdoor Amenities used for Assembly and Recreation
  • Technical Guidance Document M 2022
  • Minimum Requirements for Mixed-Use Buildings
  • Minimum Requirements for Outdoor Amenities used for Assembly and Recreation
  • 5.3 Taking a Universal Design Approach - Going Beyond Minimum Requirements
  • 5.4 Improving the Access and Use of Existing Buildings
    • Section 25 of the Disability Act 2005
  • Section 25 of the Disability Act 2005
  • 5.5 Planning and Building Control
  • 6 Location
    • 6.1 Consider Location at Early Design Stages
    • 6.2 Maximising Access and Use
    • 6.3 Accessibility and Security
    • 6.4 Location in Existing Buildings
    • 6.5 Signage and Wayfinding
  • 6.1 Consider Location at Early Design Stages
  • 6.2 Maximising Access and Use
  • 6.3 Accessibility and Security
  • 6.4 Location in Existing Buildings
  • 6.5 Signage and Wayfinding
  • 7 Design and Installation
    • 7.1 Approach
    • 7.2 Size and Space
    • 7.3 Doors to Changing Places Toilets
    • 7.4 WC Pan
    • 7.5 Changing Bench
      • Wall-mounted Changing Bench
      • Freestanding Changing Bench
  • 7.1 Approach
  • 7.2 Size and Space
  • 7.3 Doors to Changing Places Toilets
  • 7.4 WC Pan
  • 7.5 Changing Bench
    • Wall-mounted Changing Bench
    • Freestanding Changing Bench
  • Wall-mounted Changing Bench
  • Freestanding Changing Bench
  • 7.6 Washbasin
  • 7.7 Mirrors
  • 7.8 Soap Dispenser
  • 7.9 Hand Drying
  • 7.10 Wide Paper Roll Dispenser
  • 7.11 Hoist System
  • 7.12 Privacy Screen
    • Wall-mounted Privacy Screen
    • Freestanding Privacy Screen
  • Wall-mounted Privacy Screen
  • Freestanding Privacy Screen
  • 7.13 Waste Disposal Bins
  • 7.14 Ventilation
  • 7.15 Sanitary Towel Dispenser
  • 7.16 Emergency Assistance Alarm System
  • 7.17 Lighting
  • 7.18 Heating
  • 7.19 Shower
  • 7.20 Accessories
  • 7.21 Signage
  • 7.22 Flooring and Surface Finishes
  • 8 Management and Maintenance
    • 8.1 Pre-Visit Information
      • 8.1.2 Checklist of Pre-visit Information
    • 8.1.2 Checklist of Pre-visit Information
    • 8.2 Information During Visit
    • 8.3 Managing Accessibility and Security
    • 8.4 Staff Training
  • 8.1 Pre-Visit Information
    • 8.1.2 Checklist of Pre-visit Information
  • 8.1.2 Checklist of Pre-visit Information
  • 8.2 Information During Visit
  • 8.3 Managing Accessibility and Security
  • 8.4 Staff Training
  • 8.5 Routine Monitoring and Maintenance
  • 8.6 Health and Safety
  • Built Environment CPD
    • Universal Design in the Built Environment Webinar Series
      • Building for Everyone: An Introduction to Universal Design
      • Beyond Part M: Universal Design and Accessibility Legislation
      • Inclusive Steps: Universal Design for Stairs
      • Welcoming All: Universal Design for Doorways
    • Building for Everyone: An Introduction to Universal Design
    • Beyond Part M: Universal Design and Accessibility Legislation
    • Inclusive Steps: Universal Design for Stairs
    • Welcoming All: Universal Design for Doorways
  • Universal Design in the Built Environment Webinar Series
    • Building for Everyone: An Introduction to Universal Design
    • Beyond Part M: Universal Design and Accessibility Legislation
    • Inclusive Steps: Universal Design for Stairs
    • Welcoming All: Universal Design for Doorways
  • Building for Everyone: An Introduction to Universal Design
  • Beyond Part M: Universal Design and Accessibility Legislation
  • Inclusive Steps: Universal Design for Stairs
  • Welcoming All: Universal Design for Doorways
  • Launch Events
    • Launch Event: Universal Design Guidelines for Changing Places Toilets
  • Launch Event: Universal Design Guidelines for Changing Places Toilets
  • eLearning Modules
    • eLearning Module - Buildings for Everyone: Central Bank of Ireland
  • eLearning Module - Buildings for Everyone: Central Bank of Ireland
• Communications & Digital
  • Web and Mobile Accessibility
    • Web Accessibility Techniques
      • Design accessible digital content - introduction and index
      • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
      • Design accessible navigation
    • Design accessible digital content - introduction and index
      • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
      • Design accessible navigation
      • Provide additional navigational aids
    • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
    • Aim for maximum Consistency
    • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
  • Web Accessibility Techniques
    • Design accessible digital content - introduction and index
      • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
      • Design accessible navigation
      • Provide additional navigational aids
    • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
    • Aim for maximum Consistency
    • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
    • Design accessible navigation
      • Provide additional navigational aids
      • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
      • Maintain a logical tab and reading order and provide a clear focus indicator
      • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
      • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
  • Design accessible digital content - introduction and index
    • Provide a consistent and flexible design
      • Aim for maximum Consistency
      • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
    • Aim for maximum Consistency
    • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
    • Design accessible navigation
      • Provide additional navigational aids
      • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
      • Maintain a logical tab and reading order and provide a clear focus indicator
      • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
      • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
    • Provide additional navigational aids
  • Provide a consistent and flexible design
    • Aim for maximum Consistency
    • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
  • Aim for maximum Consistency
  • Design adaptive or responsive layouts
  • Design accessible navigation
    • Provide additional navigational aids
    • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
    • Maintain a logical tab and reading order and provide a clear focus indicator
    • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
    • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
  • Provide additional navigational aids
  • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
  • Maintain a logical tab and reading order and provide a clear focus indicator
  • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
  • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
  • Use accessible design to communicate information
    • Design to help users scan for key information
    • Enhance clarity with good design
    • Design and implement accessible tables and graphs
  • Design to help users scan for key information
  • Enhance clarity with good design
  • Design and implement accessible tables and graphs
  • Ensure images, video and audio are accessible to everyone
    • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
      • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
      • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
      • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • Take extreme care when designing for video, audio and animation
  • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
  • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
  • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
  • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
  • Take extreme care when designing for video, audio and animation
  • Design accessible interactions and feedback
    • Provide meaningful links
    • Design simple forms with sensible grouping and clearly labelled elements
    • Provide instructions and help users recover from errors
  • Provide meaningful links
  • Design simple forms with sensible grouping and clearly labelled elements
  • Provide instructions and help users recover from errors
  • Always test your designs with users who have access needs
  • Content Provider's Introduction and Index
    • Write accessible text
      • Structure your content to help users scan for key information
      • Use clear and simple language
      • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
      • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
      • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • Structure your content to help users scan for key information
    • Use clear and simple language
    • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
      • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
      • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
      • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
  • Write accessible text
    • Structure your content to help users scan for key information
    • Use clear and simple language
    • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
      • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
      • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
      • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
  • Structure your content to help users scan for key information
  • Use clear and simple language
  • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
  • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
  • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
  • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
  • Aim for maximum consistency
  • Style to maximise readability
  • Keep tables and data representation simple
  • Provide meaningful links
  • Provide simple form instructions and feedback
  • Create accessible web pages
  • Create accessible MS Word documents
    • Use styles
    • Specify headings
    • Specify table headers and titles
    • Name and title files in a helpful way
    • Provide Alt text for each image
  • Use styles
  • Specify headings
  • Specify table headers and titles
  • Name and title files in a helpful way
  • Provide Alt text for each image
  • Specify the language of the content
  • Check your work is accessible
  • Create accessible MS PowerPoint documents
    • Use slide masters in Powerpoint
    • Use the main title box as a heading
    • Specify table headers and titles
    • Name and title files in a helpful way
    • Give each slide a title
  • Use slide masters in Powerpoint
  • Use the main title box as a heading
  • Specify table headers and titles
  • Name and title files in a helpful way
  • Give each slide a title
  • Provide Alt text for each image
  • Specify the language of the content
  • Check your work is accessible
  • Create Accessible PDF's
  • Always test your content with users who have access needs
  • Developer's Introduction and Index
    • Provide an accessible page structure and layout
      • Use headings to convey the structure of your content
      • Ensure text is displayed correctly
      • Code lists of items semantically, using native HTML list elements
      • Provide meaningful links
      • Do not misuse semantic markup
    • Use headings to convey the structure of your content
    • Ensure text is displayed correctly
    • Code lists of items semantically, using native HTML list elements
    • Provide meaningful links
  • Provide an accessible page structure and layout
    • Use headings to convey the structure of your content
    • Ensure text is displayed correctly
    • Code lists of items semantically, using native HTML list elements
    • Provide meaningful links
    • Do not misuse semantic markup
  • Use headings to convey the structure of your content
  • Ensure text is displayed correctly
  • Code lists of items semantically, using native HTML list elements
  • Provide meaningful links
  • Do not misuse semantic markup
  • Maintain a logical tab and reading order and provide a clear focus indicator
  • Provide adaptive or responsive layouts
  • Provide an accurate and informative page title
  • Specify the default language of the page and any language changes
  • Provide native HTML 5 for elements and ARIA for landmarks
  • Use clear and simple language
  • Design accessible navigation
    • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
    • Provide additional navigational aids
    • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
    • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
  • Provide effective navigation based on recognised conventions
  • Provide additional navigational aids
  • Allow users to skip blocks of information easily
  • Use simple mobile gestures for interaction
  • Ensure images, video and audio are accessible to everyone
    • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
      • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
      • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
      • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
    • Take extreme care when designing for video, audio and animation
  • Provide alternatives for images, video and audio content
    • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
    • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
    • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
  • All images must have a text equivalent (“Alt text”)
  • Provide text equivalents for audio-only and audio content in video
  • Provide audio descriptions and text equivalents for video content
  • Take extreme care when designing for video, audio and animation
  • Keep tables and data representation simple
  • Provide accessible forms
    • Provide simple forms with sensible grouping and clearly labelled elements
    • Provide instructions and help users recover from errors
  • Provide simple forms with sensible grouping and clearly labelled elements
  • Provide instructions and help users recover from errors
  • Ensure Custom Widgets are accessible
    • Make carousels accessible
    • Create accessible accordions
    • Create accessible modal dialogues
    • Make sure login and authentication processes are accessible
    • Ensure embedded social media code is accessible
  • Make carousels accessible
  • Create accessible accordions
  • Create accessible modal dialogues
  • Make sure login and authentication processes are accessible
  • Ensure embedded social media code is accessible
  • Code according to best practices
    • Use structural and semantic markup properly and validate code
    • Aim for maximum consistency
    • Convey information so everyone can understand it
    • Use JavaScript to support accessibility
    • Prioritise information, maximise readability and scanning
  • Use structural and semantic markup properly and validate code
  • Aim for maximum consistency
  • Convey information so everyone can understand it
  • Use JavaScript to support accessibility
  • Prioritise information, maximise readability and scanning
  • Use ARIA appropriately
    • Assign roles using ARIA
    • Use ARIA to announce updates and messaging
  • Assign roles using ARIA
  • Use ARIA to announce updates and messaging
  • Always test your site with users who have access needs
  • Courses
  • Writing an Accessibility Statement
  • Simplified Review 2024
  • Guidance on the public procurement of accessible websites and mobile apps
  • ICT Research and Guidelines (Archived content)
    • Research: Measures to Improve Accessibility of Public Websites
    • Research: Technology for Older People
    • Archive: Irish National IT Accessibility Guidelines
  • Research: Measures to Improve Accessibility of Public Websites
  • Research: Technology for Older People
  • Archive: Irish National IT Accessibility Guidelines
  • Customer Communications Toolkit for Services to the Public - A Universal Design Approach
    • Customer Communications Toolkit – A Universal Design Approach (Browsable)
      • Foreword
      • Introduction
      • Glossary of Terms
      • Written Communication
      • Written Text Guidance
    • Foreword
    • Introduction
    • Glossary of Terms
    • Written Communication
      • Written Text Guidance
      • Document Design
      • Printing
      • Form Design
      • Signage Design
  • Customer Communications Toolkit – A Universal Design Approach (Browsable)
    • Foreword
    • Introduction
    • Glossary of Terms
    • Written Communication
      • Written Text Guidance
      • Document Design
      • Printing
      • Form Design
      • Signage Design
    • Written Text Guidance
  • Foreword
  • Introduction
  • Glossary of Terms
  • Written Communication
    • Written Text Guidance
    • Document Design
    • Printing
    • Form Design
    • Signage Design
  • Written Text Guidance
  • Document Design
  • Printing
  • Form Design
  • Signage Design
  • Spoken and Signed
    • Spoken and Signed Guidance
    • Face-to-Face Communication
    • Communicating with persons who are d/Deaf or those who are hard of hearing
    • Dealing with Difficult Situations
  • Spoken and Signed Guidance
  • Face-to-Face Communication
  • Communicating with persons who are d/Deaf or those who are hard of hearing
  • Dealing with Difficult Situations
  • Digital
    • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
    • Writing for the Web
    • Content Quality
    • Links and Microcontent
    • Titles and Descriptions
  • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
  • Writing for the Web
  • Content Quality
  • Links and Microcontent
  • Titles and Descriptions
  • Designing and Developing Usable Websites
  • Online Forms
  • Error messages
  • Password and Login Details
  • Time-out Messages
  • CAPTCHAs
  • Search
  • Multimedia, Images and Colour
  • Accessibility based on WCAG 2.1
  • Mobile Web Content and Apps
  • Accessibility Statements
  • Apps for Smart Phones and Devices
  • Email and Newsletter Guidance
  • Accessible Documents
  • Telephone Based Systems
  • SMS Based Communication
  • Social Media Guidance
  • Communication Design Question Sets
  • European Accessibility Act
    • Functional Performance Criteria
    • Accessibility in the EAA
    • EAA Accessibility Requirements
      • Regulation 5: Accessibility Requirements
      • Schedule 1: Accessibility requirements for products and services
    • Regulation 5: Accessibility Requirements
    • Schedule 1: Accessibility requirements for products and services
  • Functional Performance Criteria
  • Accessibility in the EAA
  • EAA Accessibility Requirements
    • Regulation 5: Accessibility Requirements
    • Schedule 1: Accessibility requirements for products and services
  • Regulation 5: Accessibility Requirements
  • Schedule 1: Accessibility requirements for products and services
  • Why should accessibility matter to you?
  • Artificial Intelligence
• Education
  • Primary Level Education
  • Secondary Level Education
  • Third Level Education
  • Universal Design Grand Challenge
  • Continuous Professional Development
• Publications
• Resources
• Case Studies
• Collections
• Toolkits